{"type":"standard","title":"Dark figure of crime","displaytitle":"Dark figure of crime","namespace":{"id":0,"text":""},"wikibase_item":"Q1265976","titles":{"canonical":"Dark_figure_of_crime","normalized":"Dark figure of crime","display":"Dark figure of crime"},"pageid":4144453,"thumbnail":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Social_Network_Diagram_%28segment%29.svg/330px-Social_Network_Diagram_%28segment%29.svg.png","width":320,"height":124},"originalimage":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Social_Network_Diagram_%28segment%29.svg/670px-Social_Network_Diagram_%28segment%29.svg.png","width":670,"height":260},"lang":"en","dir":"ltr","revision":"1282791847","tid":"d875ad11-0bf4-11f0-8487-cd610a1a40fd","timestamp":"2025-03-28T16:51:08Z","description":"Term used by criminologists and sociologists","description_source":"local","content_urls":{"desktop":{"page":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_figure_of_crime","revisions":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_figure_of_crime?action=history","edit":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_figure_of_crime?action=edit","talk":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Dark_figure_of_crime"},"mobile":{"page":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_figure_of_crime","revisions":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/Dark_figure_of_crime","edit":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_figure_of_crime?action=edit","talk":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Dark_figure_of_crime"}},"extract":"First coined by Belgian sociologist and criminologist Adolphe Quetelet in the 19th century, the dark figure of crime, hidden figure of crime, or latent criminality is the amount of unreported, undetected, or undiscovered crime, and is a central concept of victimology, highlighting the limitations of solely relying upon official crime statistics. Crime may go unreported for various reasons, such as a victim being unaware that a crime occurred, personal dynamics with the perpetrator, perceived social stigma, distrust of the police, or fear of retaliation.","extract_html":"
First coined by Belgian sociologist and criminologist Adolphe Quetelet in the 19th century, the dark figure of crime, hidden figure of crime, or latent criminality is the amount of unreported, undetected, or undiscovered crime, and is a central concept of victimology, highlighting the limitations of solely relying upon official crime statistics. Crime may go unreported for various reasons, such as a victim being unaware that a crime occurred, personal dynamics with the perpetrator, perceived social stigma, distrust of the police, or fear of retaliation.
"}{"slip": { "id": 111, "advice": "You're not as fat as you think you are."}}
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{"type":"standard","title":"Ranvir Sena","displaytitle":"Ranvir Sena","namespace":{"id":0,"text":""},"wikibase_item":"Q3595316","titles":{"canonical":"Ranvir_Sena","normalized":"Ranvir Sena","display":"Ranvir Sena"},"pageid":3165476,"thumbnail":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Ranvir_Sena_affected_BiharDistricts.png/330px-Ranvir_Sena_affected_BiharDistricts.png","width":320,"height":240},"originalimage":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b2/Ranvir_Sena_affected_BiharDistricts.png","width":800,"height":600},"lang":"en","dir":"ltr","revision":"1268240114","tid":"f276c82d-cdff-11ef-80a5-07d5bd274229","timestamp":"2025-01-08T20:34:24Z","description":"Upper-caste landlord militia group in India","description_source":"local","content_urls":{"desktop":{"page":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranvir_Sena","revisions":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranvir_Sena?action=history","edit":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranvir_Sena?action=edit","talk":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Ranvir_Sena"},"mobile":{"page":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranvir_Sena","revisions":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/Ranvir_Sena","edit":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranvir_Sena?action=edit","talk":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Ranvir_Sena"}},"extract":"The Ranvir Sena is a militia functioning as a landlord group, mainly based in the state of Bihar, India. The group was formed by Bhumihar Brahmin landlords under the leadership of Brahmeshwar Mukhiya in 1994, with the aim to counter the influence of various left-wing militants, Naxalite groups and the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation (CPI-ML) in central Bihar. The Ranvir Sena has been connected to a number of massacres including the massacre at Laxmanpur Bathe. It has, on several occasions, been accused of human rights abuses. The Bihar state government banned the Ranvir Sena in July 1995, but the group continue to remain active. The group has frequently publicly claimed responsibility for its crimes with impunity.","extract_html":"
The Ranvir Sena is a militia functioning as a landlord group, mainly based in the state of Bihar, India. The group was formed by Bhumihar Brahmin landlords under the leadership of Brahmeshwar Mukhiya in 1994, with the aim to counter the influence of various left-wing militants, Naxalite groups and the Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation (CPI-ML) in central Bihar. The Ranvir Sena has been connected to a number of massacres including the massacre at Laxmanpur Bathe. It has, on several occasions, been accused of human rights abuses. The Bihar state government banned the Ranvir Sena in July 1995, but the group continue to remain active. The group has frequently publicly claimed responsibility for its crimes with impunity.
"}